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$document->setValues([$productsPlaceholder => $products]);
$document->setFields([$productsPlaceholder => $productsFieldDescription]);

<?php

$templateId = 242;
$value = 7;

\Bitrix\Main\Loader::includeModule('crm');
\Bitrix\Main\Loader::includeModule('documentgenerator');

/**
 * Returns true if this product should not be added to the document
 *
 * @param \Bitrix\Crm\Integration\DocumentGenerator\DataProvider\Product $product
 * @return bool
 */
function isSkipProduct(\Bitrix\Crm\Integration\DocumentGenerator\DataProvider\Product $product)
{
   $typePropertyId = 500;
   $restrictedType = 100;
   return $product->getValue('PROPERTY_'.$typePropertyId) === $restrictedType;
}

/**
 * @param \Bitrix\Crm\Integration\DocumentGenerator\DataProvider\Product $product
 * @return \Bitrix\Crm\Integration\DocumentGenerator\DataProvider\Product
 */
function modifyProduct(\Bitrix\Crm\Integration\DocumentGenerator\DataProvider\Product $product)
{
   $reflection = new ReflectionObject($product);
   $data = $reflection->getProperty('data');
   $data->setAccessible(true);
   $dataValue = $data->getValue($product);
   $dataValue['NAME'] = 'Test Name';
   $data->setValue($product, $dataValue);

   return $product;
}

$template = \Bitrix\DocumentGenerator\Template::loadById($templateId);
if(!$template)
{
   die('template not found');
}

$template->setSourceType(\Bitrix\Crm\Integration\DocumentGenerator\DataProvider\Deal::class);

$document = \Bitrix\DocumentGenerator\Document::createByTemplate($template, $value);
if(!$document)
{
   die('could not create document');
}

\Bitrix\Main\EventManager::getInstance()->addEventHandler(
   \Bitrix\DocumentGenerator\Driver::MODULE_ID,
   'onBeforeProcessDocument',
   function(\Bitrix\Main\Event $event)
   {
      $productsPlaceholder = 'PRODUCTS';

      /** @var \Bitrix\DocumentGenerator\Document $document */
      $document = $event->getParameter('document');
      $provider = $document->getProvider();

      $productsProvider = \Bitrix\DocumentGenerator\DataProviderManager::getInstance()->getDataProviderValue($provider, $productsPlaceholder);
      if($productsProvider instanceof \Bitrix\DocumentGenerator\DataProvider\ArrayDataProvider)
      {
         $products = [];
         foreach($productsProvider as $product)
         {
            if(!isSkipProduct($product))
            {
               $products[] = modifyProduct($product);
            }
         }

         $productsFieldDescription = $provider->getFields()[$productsPlaceholder];

         $productsProvider = \Bitrix\DocumentGenerator\DataProviderManager::getInstance()->createDataProvider($productsFieldDescription, $products, $provider, $productsPlaceholder);
         $document->setValues([$productsPlaceholder => $productsProvider]);
         $document->setFields([$productsPlaceholder => $productsFieldDescription]);
      }
   }
);

$result = $document->getFile();

if($result->isSuccess())
{
   print_r($result->getData());
}
else
{
   print_r($result->getErrorMessages());
}